This February, in observance of American Heart Month and Go Red Day, we provide information on how you can maintain a vital cardiovascular system throughout your 40s and beyond.

As we approach our 40s, we tend to be more established. At the same time, with advancing age, our weight can creep up along with our cholesterol levels and blood pressure. This can be a major wake-up call. Our 40s is when our diet and lifestyle from our 20s and 30s starts catching up with us.

The good news is that it’s not too late. Cardiovascular disease is a preventable disease. In fact, a recent study showed that people who reach midlife without developing high blood pressure, diabetes or other risk factors for cardiovascular disease are much less likely to have a heart attack or stroke by age 80 than their less healthy counterparts.

Diet

Even if you eat healthy most of the time, you may notice your weight creeping up. As we age and our metabolism slows down, our bodies require fewer calories. Given these changes, you’ll need to cut back on portion size.

You should also be aware of the sodium and saturated content of foods. Most packaged goods and condiments contain high amounts of sodium. Limit your sodium intake to 2,000 mg or less per day. Limit your saturated fat intake to 7% of your daily caloric intake (about 16 grams per day). Full fat dairy and high fat cuts of meat have a high saturated fat content.

A heart healthy diet features the following:

Complex Carbs: Choose a wide variety of colored fruits and vegetables to obtain vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients and fiber. Not getting enough of these foods? Cover gaps in your diet with VitaMedica’s Phyto-5 complex.

Lean Protein: Opt for leans meats such as fish and poultry. Limit your consumption of red meat which contains more saturated fat and be sure to select lean cuts like filet. Add legumes and beans to your meals to enhance their protein content.

Unsaturated Fats: Select non-fat or low-fat dairy products (yogurt, milk, cheese) to reduce the amount of saturated fat in your diet. Use olive oil in salads and low-heat cooking. Fill the gaps in your diet with an Omega-3 supplement like VitaMedica’s Flax Seed Oil and Super EPA/DHA Fish Oil.

Physical Exercise

At this point in your life, you may have a bit more time to work out. But, it can be hard to start especially if you haven’t been working out in years. Enlist the support of a spouse, friend or personal trainer to get you motivated.

Aside from relieving stress, improving your mood and burning extra calories, physical exercise also helps to reduce blood pressure and improve HDL or “good” cholesterol levels.

Many women focus on cardio exercises such as running, eliptical or spin classes. But, it’s important to add strength training a few times a week. In physically inactive adults, after the age of 30, the rate of muscle loss is about 3-5% per decade and a similar decline in muscle strength. Loss of muscle mass usually starts in women in their 40s and accelerates in their mid-70s. Known as sarcopenia (“poverty of flesh”), this loss of muscle mass, strength and function as we age is associated with the absence of exercise in sufficient intensity or volume. Resistance exercise can mitigate this muscle loss over time.

You should aim for at least 150 minutes/week of moderate exercise or 75 minutes/week of vigorous exercise.

Not Smoking

Most likely if you haven’t started smoking at this point in your life, you’re not likely to start. However, if you need to quit, seek help.

Know Your Numbers

By your mid-40s, you should have baseline screenings done. If the numbers are good, you can get them checked every few years. However, if you have high cholesterol or high blood pressure, you’ll need to speak with your doctor regarding how often to get these numbers checked.

Here are the key numbers along with targets:

• Blood pressure < 120 mg/dL (systolic); < 80mg/dL (diastolic)
• Fasting glucose < 100 mg/dL
• Total cholesterol < 200 mg/dL
• LDL or “bad” cholesterol < 130 mg/dL
• HDL or “good” cholesterol > 40 mg/dL men and > 50 mg/dL women
• Triglycerides < 150 mg/dL

If you’ve been diagnosed with high cholesterol, now is the time to modify your diet. Increase your fiber intake by eating more fruits and vegetables and adding flax seed meal to your diet. At the same time, cut back on your trans-fats and saturated fat intake. Both of these measures can improve your cholesterol levels.

If your blood pressure is creeping up be sure to watch your sodium intake. Increase your intake of potassium and magnesium by eating lots of dark green veggies or supplementing your diet with a high-quality Multi-Vitamin & Mineral.

Know Your Family History

If you have a close relative that has had a heart attack or stroke, you may be more at risk for developing heart disease. Your risk increases if your father or brother had heart disease before age 55 or if your mother or sister was diagnosed with heart disease before 65 years of age.

For more information, refer to our article, Top 5 Tips for a Healthy Heart.